Epstein-Barr virus immortalization and latency.
نویسنده
چکیده
Epstein-Barr virus infects human B lymphocytes. The interaction between the virus and these cells has been the subject of investigation for over three decades. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies, reviewed here, are revealing the mechanisms by which EBV induces and controls proliferation through the expression of six viral nuclear proteins and two plasma membrane proteins. This genetic program is referred to as immortalization and it is suggested that the purpose of immortalization is to use the innate proliferative potential of B cells to inflate the numbers of infected cells prior to virus production and cell lysis. Latency, on the other hand, has only been detected in situ in latently infected humans. It is characterized by the presence of very low numbers of viral episomes that appear to express the RNA for only one protein (Latent Membrane Protein 2) in B cells that bear the markers of a non-activated resting memory subset. Two models are proposed for the mechanism that establishes this state. The differences between immortalization and latency are highlighted in this review and it is suggested that many of the functions currently attributed to latency are actually features of immortalization. An appreciation of this distinction may assist the discussion of the nature of the interaction between the virus and the host in EBV-associated lymphoproliferative diseases and tumors.
منابع مشابه
Differential methylation of Epstein-Barr virus latency promoters facilitates viral persistence in healthy seropositive individuals.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) establishes a life-long infection in humans, with distinct viral latency programs predominating during acute and chronic phases of infection. Only a subset of the EBV latency-associated antigens present during the acute phase of EBV infection are expressed in the latently infected memory B cells that serve as the long-term EBV reservoir. Since the EBV immortalization pr...
متن کاملEpstein-Barr Virus Myocarditis Presenting as Acute Abdomen in a Child: a Case Report
Introduction Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection can present with a variety of manifestation. Case Report Here we present a case of a 7 year- old immunocompetent girl who came with acute abdominal pain , had echocardiographic evidence of myocardial dysfunction and finally was diagnosed as a case of serologically proven acute EBV infection. Conclusion...
متن کاملRole of Epstein-Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein 2A on virus-induced immortalization and virus activation.
To quantitatively evaluate the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) in immortalization of peripheral B-lymphocytes, we used the Akata cell system to generate an EBV recombinant in which the first exon of the LMP2A gene was disrupted. The results indicated that deletion of the LMP2A gene did not affect the immortalization efficiency of EBV in B-lymphocytes....
متن کاملStudy on the association of Epstein - Barr virus with breast cancer in Khorramabad breast cancer patients, Iran
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world, and early diagnosis of this cancer is a key factor in its treatment. This cancer is a multi-stage disease, in which viruses can play a role. EBV is known as an important factor in the development of some human cancers. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between Epstein-Barr virus, EBV, ...
متن کاملExpression of Epstein-Barr virus in Hodgkin lymphoma Specimens in IRAN.
Background & Objectives: The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV( is related with various diseases including infectious mononucleosis, Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and post-transplant lymphoprolifrative disorders. The aim of this study was to characterize the association between EBV and Hodgkin's lymphoma through EBERs in situ hybridization (EBER-ISH) in Iranian pat...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Frontiers in bioscience : a journal and virtual library
دوره 4 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1999